Which Is Worse: Underpopulation Or Overpopulation?

This video was made in partnership with Gates Ventures. The human population of the world will soon peak – and then decrease – thanks to a combination of two quickly changing economic and educational trends.

LEARN MORE
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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
- Overpopulation: a situation in which there are too many people for the amount of food, materials, and space available.
- Underpopulation: a situation in which there are too few people to realize the economic potential of an area or support its population's standard of living.
- Exponential growth: a pattern of data that shows greater increases with passing time, creating the curve of an exponential function.
- Extreme poverty: an income below the international poverty line of ~$2/day
- Total fertility rate: the average number of children born to each woman over her lifetime.
- Population bomb: a theory that the human population would grow faster than available food supplies.

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CREDITS
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David Goldenberg | Script Writer, Narrator and Director
Lizah van der Aart | Illustration, Video Editing and Animation
Nathaniel Schroeder | Music

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Lizah van der Aart • Sarah Berman • Cameron Duke
Arcadi Garcia i Rius • David Goldenberg • Melissa Hayes
Alex Reich • Henry Reich • Peter Reich
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REFERENCES
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Cohen, J. (1995). Population Growth and Earth's Human Carrying Capacity. Science. 269: 5222. (341-346). https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.7618100

Pradhan, E. (2015). Female Education and Childbearing: A Closer Look at the Data. World Bank. https://blogs.worldbank.org/health/female-education-and-childbearing-closer-look-data

State of the World Population 2022. Seeing the Unseen. The Case for Action in the Neglected Crisis of Unintended Pregnancy. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/EN_SWP22%20report_0.pdf

Smeeding, T. (2021) Adjusting to the fertility bust, Science, 346, 6206, (163-164). https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1260504

Herrmann, M. (2022). The Global Population Will Soon Reach 8 Billion—Then What? UN Chronicle. https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/global-population-will-soon-reach-8-billion-then-what

Our World In Data (2019). World Population Growth. https://ourworldindata.org/world-population-growth

Rosling, H. (2018). Factfulness. https://www.gapminder.org/factfulness-book/