In this third of a three-part series of online lessons laying out the steps of neo-Aristotelian criticism, we will examine the second two of Aristotle's three "artistic proofs," or the classical means of persuasion: "ethos," or speaker character and credibility, and "pathos," or emotional appeals to the audience. We will also consider two types of potential effects of rhetorical messages: "instrumental" and "constitutive" effects.
